Climate Change Strategies, Policies, and Plans
19.11.202590
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the primary international agreement addressing climate change. The Convention was adopted on 9 May 1992 and entered into force on 21 March 1994.
The ultimate objective of the Convention is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
The Kyrgyz Republic acceded to the UNFCCC in accordance with the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 11 of 14 January 2000. As a Party to the Convention, the country fulfills its international obligations in the field of climate change.
Under the UNFCCC, the Kyrgyz Republic carries out activities in the following areas:
- developing and implementing national climate policy;
- preparing and updating Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs);
- preparing national reports, including Biennial Transparency Reports (BTRs) and National Communications (NCs);
- developing and implementing climate change adaptation measures;
- mobilizing climate finance and strengthening international cooperation;
- participating in sessions of the Conference of the Parties (COP) and other international climate negotiation processes.
The UNFCCC provides the foundation for the development and implementation of the climate policy of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Documents and Resources
Text of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change;
Official website of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
Paris Agreement
The Paris Agreement is the principal international legal instrument for addressing climate change. It was adopted on 12 December 2015 at the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP21).
The Agreement aims to hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels while pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C.
The Kyrgyz Republic acceded to the Paris Agreement in accordance with the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 125 of 15 November 2019. As a Party to the Agreement, the country fulfills its international commitments to combat climate change.
Under the Paris Agreement, the Kyrgyz Republic undertakes activities in the following areas:
- preparing and updating Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs);
- developing and implementing climate change adaptation measures;
- reducing greenhouse gas emissions;
- strengthening the transparency and reporting system;
- mobilizing climate finance, promoting technology development and transfer, and enhancing capacity.
The Paris Agreement serves as the foundation of the Kyrgyz Republic's international commitments on climate change and supports the country's transition toward low-carbon and climate-resilient development.
Official Documents
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs)
Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are one of the key instruments for implementing the Paris Agreement. They define each country's national targets, priorities, and measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to climate change.
Under the Paris Agreement, Parties are required to update their NDCs every five years, with each successive submission reflecting progressively higher levels of climate ambition.
The Kyrgyz Republic continuously develops and updates its NDCs as part of the implementation of its national climate policy.
In 2021, the Kyrgyz Republic submitted its updated NDC, and in 2025 it submitted its third Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC 3.0) to the UNFCCC Secretariat.
NDC 3.0 is the principal strategic document guiding the climate policy of the Kyrgyz Republic and covers the following areas:
- greenhouse gas emissions reduction;
- climate change adaptation;
- strengthening climate resilience;
- mobilization of climate finance;
- technology development and capacity building;
- transition to sustainable and low-carbon development.
The Kyrgyz Republic has committed to reducing its net greenhouse gas emissions by 18% unconditionally and by up to 30% with international support by 2030. By 2035, these targets are 16% unconditionally and up to 39% with international support, respectively.
Work is currently underway on the development of the Action Plan for the Implementation of NDC 3.0, which will serve as the main instrument for implementing the country's climate policy.
Official Documents
2025
2021
Implementation Mechanism
The Action Plan for the Implementation of NDC 3.0 is currently under development. The Plan will serve as the primary implementation mechanism for the country's climate policy and will include measures on climate change mitigation, adaptation, climate finance, and capacity building.
The document is currently under review and consultation with relevant government authorities and development partners.
National Adaptation Plan (NAP)
The National Adaptation Plan (NAP) is a strategic document aimed at strengthening the resilience of the Kyrgyz Republic to the adverse impacts of climate change. The Plan provides a framework for assessing climate risks, identifying vulnerable sectors, and planning and implementing adaptation measures at both the national and local levels.
The National Adaptation Plan covers the following key areas:
- assessment of climate risks and vulnerabilities;
- integration of adaptation measures into national and sectoral planning;
- strengthening the resilience of communities, ecosystems, and the economy;
- development of a climate risk management system;
- enhancement of scientific research, monitoring, and the use of climate information;
- mobilization of climate finance and promotion of international cooperation.
The NAP contributes to the implementation of the Kyrgyz Republic's commitments under the Paris Agreement and serves as one of the key instruments of national climate policy aimed at building climate resilience.
Concept for Achieving Carbon Neutrality
The Concept for Achieving Carbon Neutrality of the Kyrgyz Republic is a long-term strategic policy document that sets the country's vision for climate action. The Concept aims to facilitate the transition to a sustainable, low-carbon economy, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and strengthen resilience to the impacts of climate change.
The Concept was approved by Resolution No. 397 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Kyrgyz Republic dated 3 July 2025 and defines the country's key climate policy priorities through 2050.
The Concept focuses on the following priority areas:
- gradual reduction of greenhouse gas emissions;
- development of renewable energy sources;
- improvement of energy efficiency;
- decarbonization of industry, transport, and agriculture;
- conservation and restoration of forests and ecosystems;
- mobilization of climate finance, innovation, and technology;
- strengthening climate change adaptation measures.
The Carbon Neutrality Concept supports the implementation of the Kyrgyz Republic's commitments under the Paris Agreement and guides the country's transition toward climate-resilient and low-carbon development.
Documents
Carbon Neutrality Concept of the Kyrgyz Republic;
Action Plan for the Implementation of the Carbon Neutrality Concept.
Environmental Security Concept (ESC)
The Environmental Security Concept of the Kyrgyz Republic is a strategic policy document aimed at strengthening resilience to environmental and climate challenges, promoting the sustainable use of natural resources, and ensuring the country's sustainable development.
The Concept was approved by Presidential Decree No. 105 of the Kyrgyz Republic dated 27 March 2025 and defines the key priorities of the national environmental and climate policy through 2040.
The Concept focuses on the following priority areas:
- climate change adaptation and reduction of its adverse impacts;
- support for greenhouse gas emissions reduction measures;
- conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems;
- prevention of land degradation and desertification;
- sustainable management of natural resources;
- ensuring environmental security;
- integration of climate and environmental risks into the public governance system;
- development of a green and climate-resilient economy.
The Environmental Security Concept provides a strategic framework linking the Kyrgyz Republic's climate, environmental, and sustainable development policies, and serves as a foundation for strengthening the country's environmental security.
Documents
Environmental Security Concept of the Kyrgyz Republic through 2040.
Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "On Climate Activity"
On 7 July 2026, the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 104 "On Climate Action" was adopted.
The Law will enter into force on 1 January 2027.
The Law of the Kyrgyz Republic "On Climate Activity" establishes the legal framework for the implementation of the national climate policy.
The Law defines the legal basis for climate change mitigation and adaptation, regulation of greenhouse gas emissions, climate finance, the development of climate technologies, and the improvement of monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) systems.
The Law covers the following key areas:
- establishing the principles of national climate policy;
- reducing greenhouse gas emissions and achieving carbon neutrality;
- implementing climate change adaptation measures;
- mobilizing and managing climate finance;
- developing the monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) system;
- promoting climate technologies and scientific research;
- defining the roles and responsibilities of government authorities and other stakeholders.
Climate Education and Public Awareness Development Programme
The development of climate education and the enhancement of public awareness are among the key priorities of the climate policy of the Kyrgyz Republic. This area aims to improve knowledge of climate change, increase climate literacy, and strengthen resilience to climate-related risks.
A draft Climate Education and Public Awareness Development Programme of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2026–2030, together with its implementation action plan, has been developed.
As part of the Programme's preparation, a series of consultations were held with the participation of the Ministry of Science, Higher Education and Innovation of the Kyrgyz Republic, the Ministry of Education of the Kyrgyz Republic, and development partners, including UNDP, UNICEF, UNITAR, and others.
Following these consultations, responsibility for the further advancement and coordination of the Programme was assigned to the Ministry of Science, Higher Education and Innovation of the Kyrgyz Republic. The draft Programme is currently undergoing the interagency consultation process.